I have recessed lighting. When two of them burnt out (or so I thoguht) the circuit breaker in the panel tripped. I just bought a box of bulbs to change all of the burnt out ones in the house and the two that tripped the breaker won’t work with a new bulb. Is it common for those things to break. I know they have a thermal breaker of some sort in them. Can you fix it without going in the attic. I hate to mess with the insulation.
I have some skills as an electrical engineer that designs washing machines. I opened it up and there are melted wires that shorted. My house is new so I let the builder know.

It depends on the model that you have. I have seen a bulb trip a breaker before, but it’s very rare. With the power off, look inside the can . Do you see anything other than the socket? You have to remove the trim first. Maybe 2 springs? or 2 wing-nuts? You may have to remove them to get to the deeper workings or the fixture. What you’re looking for is a a black colored, oblong looking box. That’s the thermal protection unit. DO NOT DEFEAT IT’S PURPOSE!
You may even be able to poll down on the unit out of the ceiling and get to the junction box. If you do get that far, just follow the armored cable from the unit to the junction box mounted onto the arms of the unit. Unless they are remodel cans, then EVERYTHING wil come out when you pull it down from the ceiling.
As with any job, it is best to leave work like this to professionals. Electricity kills!
Email me if I can be of any more help.
Good luck in all you do and may God bless.